A new drug has been discovered that reverses autism symptoms with just a single dose

A new drug reverses autism symptoms with a single dose                                     

A new drug has been discovered that reverses autism symptoms with just a single dose

Researchers from Stanford University School of Medicine studied mouse models of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which has seen a gradual rise since the early 2000s, according to the Daily Mail. The drug is not yet available for general use and is still undergoing clinical trials for the treatment of epilepsy.

Olexaltamide

The research team identified the reticular nucleus of the thalamus (RT), a part of the thalamus structure in the brain responsible for processing sensory information. Giving mice the drug Z944, also known as olexaltamide, inhibited this brain region, halting the symptoms of autism. Z944 is being studied as a potential treatment for epilepsy.

Just One Dose

Researchers discovered that giving mice the drug just once reversed signs associated with autism, including increased sensitivity to light, sound, and stimulation, repetitive behaviors, social difficulties, and an increased risk of seizures. The findings suggest that the brain processes that control both epilepsy and autism may overlap, explaining why people with autism are more susceptible to seizures.

Autism and Epilepsy

People with autism are believed to be up to 30 times more likely to develop epilepsy than the general population, which can lead to deterioration of cognitive function over time and a decline in speech and social communication skills.

Pesticides

U.S. Health Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr. recently launched a series of studies to determine a definitive cause for the increase in autism and epilepsy, suggesting that pesticides, ultra-processed foods, and toxic metals may be responsible. Approximately 3 million Americans, or 1 in 100, are diagnosed with epilepsy, a neurological disorder that causes recurrent, unprovoked seizures due to abnormal electrical activity in the brain.

While 1 percent of Americans have epilepsy, nearly one in three people with autism have the condition. It is believed that the two conditions may be related due to shared genetic mutations and similar abnormal brain activity.

Genetic Modifications

In the new study, recently published in the journal Science Advances, laboratory mice underwent electroencephalography (EEG) scans, which measure electrical activity in the brain, and behavioral tests. These mice were genetically modified with mutations in the CNTNAP2 gene, which is closely linked to autism.

Channels within neurons

Mice with these mutations exhibited hyperactivity in neurons in the reticular nucleus of the hypothalamus, believed to be caused by strong currents in T-type calcium channels within neurons. Since Z944 is a T-type calcium channel antagonist, it blocks these currents.

Improved Behavioral and Less Activity

Mice with the genetic mutation showed less interest in social interactions, frequent grooming, and hyperactivity. They were also more prone to seizures. Mice given Z944 only once experienced a reduction in repetitive behaviors and social isolation. They were also less active.

Thalamic Reticular Nucleus

However, when the researchers modified the mice to increase activity in the thalamic reticular nucleus, autistic behaviors returned. The results suggest that Z944 calms this region by blocking the activity of T-type calcium channels.

Human Trials

The researchers suggested that Z944 could be used to treat both autism and epilepsy. However, the drug is not yet available for general use and is still in clinical trials for treating epilepsy. It is also unclear how these findings will apply to humans.